Past Papers Questions of Environmental Science for CSS Examination Topic Wise Arrangement of Questions

Past Papers Questions of Environmental Science for CSS Examination

Topic Wise Arrangement of Questions

 

International Conventions, Treaties, Summits and Protocols for Environmental Protection

CSS 2020 - Write main principles of Rio Summit1992                                               (10)

CSS 2020 – Enlist the Conventions and Treaties passed in Agenda 21                     (10)

CSS 2016 – What are salient requirement of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change? Why there was a need for supplementary Kyoto Protocol? Elaborate the controversies associated with protocol.                                                                                                   (20)

CSS 2017 – Trace the political history of UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol. Do you think that the UNFCCC (2015) in Paris was the next step in reaching and agreement on climate change? (20)

CSS 2017 – Discuss the global efforts that are currently in place to protect our ozone shield. What evidence is there that such efforts have been effective (b) Discuss and comment on the social and economic dimensions of Agenda 21conference in Paris was the next step in reaching an agreement on climate change. (20)

Green House Effect

CSS 2017 – Which of the GHGs are the most significant contributors in the global warming? How do they work?  And what mitigations steps could be taken to stabilize the GHG content of the atmosphere? (20)

CSS 2018 – Write Short note on Ozone Depletion                   (5)

Eutrophication

CSS 2020 – Define and explain the Eutrophication of water body.               (10)

CSS 2019 –  Eutrophication is a phenomenon by the abnormal growth of algae in a water body. What are reasons of algae bloom and how can this phenomenon be controlled?                 (20)

CSS 2017 -  Write short note on Eutrophication                      (5)

Environmental Management

CSS 2020 – What are technological approaches to environmental management.(10)

CSS 2020 – What are main steps of conduction Environmental Impact Assessment (10)

CSS 2019 – What is the importance of public participation in and Environment Impact Assessment Process? What is difference between Environment Impact Assessment and Strategic Environment Assessment?                                                                                                                      (20)

CSS 2019 – Describe and Differentiate between stated and revealed preferences methods used for valuing the environmental resources.                                                                                             (20)

CSS 2018 – (A) Discuss briefly some common types of occupational health and safety hazards. (5) (b) Give a brief about environmental Impact Assessment procedural stages. In the context of EIA, what type of information is gathered when establishing a baseline?

Pollution

CSS 2020 – Discuss briefly noise pollution                                                     (10)

CSS 2019 – What are five major air pollutants coming out of fire burning process? Smog formation occurs due to certain air pollutants. What means and ways can be used for its control?        (20)

CSS 2019 – What are the various mechanisms involved in atmospheric SO2 removal?        (20)

CSS 2018 – What is meant by smog? Explain the main causes of smog in Punjab. Summaries the effect of key meteorological factors on dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere. (20)

CSS 2018 – Write short note on Desertification                                   (5)

CSS 2017 – Write short notes on any four of the following (20)

a)      E-waste                                    (5)

b)      Superfund                    (5)

c)      Carbon foot print         (5)

d)      Energy from biomass   (5)

e)      Smog                           (5)

CSS 2016 – Write short note on following

a)      Genetic pollution                     (5)

b)      Impacts of noise pollution       (5)

c)      Causes of desertification         (5)

d)      Carbon sequestration               (5)

e)      Urban heat island effect                      (5)

Environment Policies of Pakistan

CSS 2020 – What is Green Revolution? Give a brief account of green revolution in Pakistan. (10)

CSS 2018 – (A) What are the key factors of National Climate Change Policy 2012? (10) (b) Write a brief note on National Drinking Water Policy 2009. (10)

CSS 2016 – What are salient features on the Environmental Policy of Pakistan? Discuses if pertinent laws and institutions are existent and justifiability effective?                                                                 (20)

Waste Disposal Method, Technique, and Technology

CSS 2020 – Discuss the Solid Waste Disposal Technique.                                         (10)

CSS 2020 – Write the Physio-chemical Parameters of Waste Water and also explain Waste Water Treatment Technology.                                                                                        (10)

CSS 2020 – Discuss in detail the Hospital Waste Management Codes of Practice.  (10)

CSS 2019 – How is hazardous waste classified? What are various options for handling hazardous waste? (20)

CSS 2017 – (A) How the hazardous material is defined and Identified and differentiated from the toxic material? Explain the environmental problems and health risks linked with the hazardous waste.  (B) What stands for CECLA and why is is related with hazardous waste?                                   (20)

Climate Change

CSS 2020 – Write in detail the effect of Climate Change on natural and societal system. (10)

CSS 2019 – Pakistan is located in a semi arid region of the world, hence is more prone to climate change effects. Explain what adaptation measure will be feasible in this situation of worst climate change in regions like Pakistan?                         (20)

CSS 2018 – (A) Elaborate the concept of greenhouse effect and its importance to global climate. (8) (b) what are drivers and indicators of Climate Change and how they effects the natural and societal system?.(12)

a)      Wetlands                      (5)

b)      Carbon foot prints       (5)

c)      REDD+                        (5)

d)      GIS and Remote Sensing         (5)

CSS 2017 – (a) What do you understand by Climate and microclimate? (b) How do forest burning and land clearing effect the global climate? (c) What impact would changing climate have on the ecosystem in general and coastal environment in particular?                   (20)

CSS 2016 – How Technological development leads to Climate Change and consequent change in Natural and Societal System? Also furnish possible adaptation options to climate change.  (20)

CSS 2016 – Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) (5)

“Our Common Future”

CSS 2016 – What is the importance of the Report “Our Common Future” in the history of Environmental Movement? What common threats were identified in the report and what measures were suggested for the sustainability of the earth system?                                    (20)

Environmental Implications

CSS 2016 – Discuss in detail the Environmental Implications of Demographic Factors. Elaborate the consequences of each Environmental Implications.                    (20)

Feminism and Environment

CSS 2016 – Do you believe that gender play their roles differently in Environmental Management and Conservation? Discuss in detail the concept of “Ecofeminism” from international and national perspective taking into consideration the gendered rights to resources.                      (20)

Energy

CSS 2018 – (A) Write a detail note on Alternative Energy Resource. (10) (B) What are the Environmental Impacts on food production? (10)

Environmental Sciences

CSS 2020 - Discuss the dose response relationship in environmental toxicology.    (10)

CSS 2018 – (A) What are the events that triggered the interest in bioremediation? (7) (B) What are different steps in anaerobic treatment for biogas generation? (7) (C) Write a note on Environmental Geology. (6)

CSS 2017 – (a) What is genetic engineering or biotechnology and how it may affect the agriculture and the environment? (b) What is relationship between poverty and food security?                (20)

CSS 2020 – Define Environmental Economics and explain briefly the interrelationship between environment and economics.                                                                                          (10)