Foreign
Policy of Pakistan,
(Objectives,
Principles, Phases, Issues, Challenges, Failures, Achievements, and
Recommendations) –
(Part
1)
1.
Introduction
2.
Definition of Foreign Policy
3.
Variable factors behind the formation of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy
i.)
Ideology
of Pakistan
ii.)
History
and culture
iii.)
Type
of government
iv.)
International,
and global influence
v.)
Geographical
factors and significance
vi.)
Economic
development
vii.)
Geopolitical
and geostrategic factors and new world order
4.
Objectives of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy
i.)
Territorial
integrity
ii.)
Settlement
of Jammu and Kashmir issue
iii.)
Preservation
of nuclear deterrence of Pakistan
iv.)
Economic
Prosperity
v.)
Propagation
of image of Pakistan as a strong, dynamic and progressive state
vi.)
Strong
friendly cooperation with china
vii.)
Mutually
beneficial and strong ties with all major powers
viii.)
Durable
peace and stability in Afghanistan
ix.)
Promotion
of Nuclear Non Proliferation objectives and combating international terrorism,
crime and drug trafficking
x.)
Promotion
and protection of interests and welfare of overseas Pakistanis
5.
Principles of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy
i.)
Mutual
Co existence
ii.)
Non Alignment
iii.)
Bilateral
Relations
iv.)
Charter
of UNO
v.)
Favor
of rights of self determination of suppressed nationalities
vi.)
Unity
of Muslim Ummah
vii.)
Arms
Control and Disarmament
viii.)
End of
Racial Discrimination
ix.)
Propagation
of regional and global cooperation, peace and security
x.)
Relations
with neighboring states
6.
Phases of Foreign Policy of Pakistan
i.)
Phase
1: 1947-53 Exploration and Friendship with all
i.
Foundation
of foreign policy under the guidance of Quid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah-
Founding Father of Pakistan
ii.
Unparalleled
Relations with India and Plethora of Problems for Pakistan
iii.
Afghanistan
refuse to recognize Pakistan’s Sovereignty
iv.
Security
imperatives
v.
Relations
with Muslim Countries
vi.
Relations
with USA and USSR
vii.
Recognition
of China as an independent sovereign State
viii.
First
Indo Pak war 1948 and Indian factor
ix.
Early
problems of Pakistan and direction of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy
ii.)
Phase
2: 1953-62 Alignments with the West
i.
Collaboration
with the USA
a)
Mutual
Defense Assistance Agreement
b)
SEATO
(South East Asia Treaty Organization)
c)
CENTO
(Central Treaty Organization)
d)
Defense
and Economic Assistance from the USA
ii.
Cost
of alignment with the West
iii.
Friendly
understanding with the China
iv.
Indus
Water Treaty with India
v.
Incidence
of U-2
vi.
Singing
of RCD (Regional Cooperation for Development)
iii.)
Phase
3: 1962-71 Transition Phase
i.
Rethinking
and changing dynamics of policy of alignment with the west
ii.
Developing
ties with USSR
iii.
Ameliorate
correspondence with China
iv.
Plummet
curbs with USA
v.
War of
Pakistan and India in 1965
vi.
Pluralistic
perspective of Pakistan’s foreign policy
vii.
Kashmir
issue and six rounds of talk
viii.
Crisis
in East Pakistan and international response
iv.)
Phase
4: 1972-79 Bilateralism and Non Alignment
i.
Separation
of East Pakistan and new dimensions of Pakistan’s foreign Policy
ii.
Independent
approach toward world
iii.
Shimla
Agreement and developing Relations with India
iv.
Straightening
ties with the super powers
v.
Pakistan’s
stance toward nuclear technology and US response
vi.
Pakistan
and Muslim world (OIC conference held in Pakistan)
v.)
Phase
5: 1980-90 Afghanistan with Partnership with the USA
i.
Soviet
Invasion of Afghanistan and involvement of Pakistan in Proxy war
ii.
Revival
of Pakistan-US flourishing relations
iii.
Barter
trade agreement
iv.
Pakistan
and OIC
v.
Diplomatic
relations with India including Cricket diplomacy
vi.
The Geneva
Accord
vii.
Soviet
withdrawal from Afghanistan and problems for Pakistan
vi.)
Phase
6: 1990-2001 Post Cold War Era and Pakistan’s Dilemmas
i.
Disappointing
attitude of USA after soviet withdrawal
ii.
Emergence
of unending disputes in Afghanistan and Pakistan’s dilemma
iii.
Insurgency
in Kashmir
iv.
Pakistan’s
Nuclear program and western response
v.
Kargil
War with India and failure of Pakistan to handle the issue at international
forum
vi.
Divergent
interests in Pakistan’s foreign policy due to political instability
vii.)
Phase
7: 2001-2008 Pakistan and Counter Terrorism
i.
Incidence
of 9/11 and global war against terrorism and Pakistan
ii.
Increased
US support
iii.
Détente
with India
iv.
Muslim
world and Pakistan
v.
Issue
of transfer of nuclear technology
vi.
Modern
enlightenment of General Musharaf and image of Pakistan
viii.)
Phase
8: 2008-2013 Diversification of Foreign Policy
i.
Pak US
Ties
a)
Kerry
Loggar Bill
b)
US
drone strikes
c)
Mystery
of OBL (Osama Bin Laden)
d)
Diplomatic
Storms
a.
Issue
of Raymand Davis
b.
GHQ
attack
c.
Salala
Checkpost attack and breakage of supply line of NATO
ii.
Pak
Russia relations
a)
Moscow
visit
iii.
Pak Iran
bonding
a)
Iran
Pakistan Gas Pipeline Project
iv.
Pakistan
India strange relations due to Mumbai attack
ix.)
Phase
9: 2013-2018 Changing global patterns and Pakistan’s Perspective
i.
Becoming
full permanent membership of SCO Pakistan and India
ii.
Pakistan
and China Relations and CPEC and OBOR
iii.
Unclear
diplomacy towards Afghanistan
iv.
Pak Iran
and proxy war of Saudi and Iran
v.
Indian lobby against Pakistan
vi.
Gulbashan
Yadev case and Pakistan’s perspective
vii.
Pakistan’s
successful operation against terrorism
x.)
Phase
10: 2018-onward Revival of Foreign Policy under the supervision of new
Government
i.
Relations
with India
a)
Kashmir
issue
b)
Surgical
strikes of India
c)
Indian
violation of international laws
d)
Incidence
of Pulwama and retaliation of Pakistan
e)
Abrogation
of Article 370 and 35 A
f)
Citizenship
amendment Law
g)
Diplomacy
law
ii.
US
Aghan Peace Deal and role of Pakistan
iii.
Second
Phase of CPEC
iv.
Iran
and Pakistan
a)
Terrorist
activities on western border of Pakistan
b)
Houti
Rebels attack on Saudi Arabia Oil Fields and Response of Pakistan
c)
Visit
of Prime Minister of Pakistan to Iran
v.
Bonding
with Turkey
a)
Turkish
Investment in Pakistan
b)
Joint
military exercise of Pakistan and Turkey
vi.
Relations
with Malaysia
a)
Pakistan
was unable to attend Islam Summit held in kaulalampur
b)
Inauguration
of proton plant in Pakistan
c)
Developing
relations in trade and tourism
vii.
Relations
with Arab countries
viii.
Bilateral
ties with Russia
ix.
OIC
and Pakistan’s emerging leadership
x.
SCO
and perspective of Pakistan
xi.
Response
of UNSC on Indian’s Kashmir Policy
7.
Conclusion
Part 2, -------------------------------- coming soon
